Първоначално изпратено от dddd
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Ето ти откъси от една по-дълга статия, с която не възнамерявам да товаря форума излишно в пълния й размер:
A growing number of investors like Mr. Hart have concluded that a dollar that strengthens with the United States economy will have a devastating effect not only on China but on emerging markets in general. Their view is that the trillions of dollars that chased risky investment opportunities in China, Brazil, Turkey and other countries are swiftly exiting and that the pace will pick up when the Federal Reserve eventually raises interest rates.
The result, they say, will be plunging currencies, corporate defaults and a sustained growth slowdown over the next few years. This week, emerging-market currencies continued their decline, led by Brazil, Turkey, Mexico and South Africa.
In the first quarter of this year, $109 billion left Chinese banks for overseas institutions, according to the Bank for International Settlements, a clearinghouse for global central banks.
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China: And the investors further think that the country’s $3.5 trillion in foreign exchange reserves – down from $4 trillion a year ago – will not be enough to prevent a large-scale currency rout.
China has been at the forefront of this so-called carry trade, in which corporations and countries tap dollar-based lenders and then invest the proceeds in higher-yielding assets denominated in local currencies, such as real estate, commodities and large-scale investments.
As long as interest rates in the United States remain low and emerging-market currencies remain strong, these trades have been highly profitable. But as rates in the United States increase and the values of local currencies plunge, these profits evaporate, causing investors to flee – as they have in countries like Turkey, Brazil and South Africa.
Mr. Hart calculates that the size of the Chinese carry trade is around $2 trillion, by far the highest figure for any emerging-market borrower. And his view from the beginning has been that the dollars that have flowed into China – financing an investment rate of 50 percent of the overall economy – must eventually flow out again.
“It is the greatest carry trade in modern history,” Mr. Hart said. “There is nothing that is even close.”
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According to a recent paper by economists at Prudential’s bond division, China’s foreign currency reserve ratio – in effect its net cash position available to defend against speculators – is just a bit over 20 percent, putting it in the neighborhood of countries known to be vulnerable to capital outflows, like Brazil, Turkey and South Africa.
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According to Tim Lee of Pi Economics, a research firm based in Greenwich, Conn., emerging-market borrowers have accumulated $3 trillion in cheap dollar-based loans in the last decade of extra-loose central bank policies.
Нещата вървят от лошо към по-лошо......., особено ако ФЕД вдигне лихвата, макар и само с 25 пункта.
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